Testicular cancer occurs in the testicles (testes), the male reproductive glands that produce sperm and testosterone. It is relatively rare but most common in men aged 15–35. Early detection is crucial and highly treatable.

• Symptoms: Lump or swelling in the testicle, pain or discomfort in scrotum, heaviness in the scrotum, back pain if advanced.
• Risk Factors: Undescended testicle (cryptorchidism), family history, age 15–35.
• Screening & Diagnosis: Testicular self-exam, ultrasound, blood tests for tumor markers (AFP, hCG, LDH).
• Treatment: Surgery (orchiectomy), radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or surveillance depending on stage.
• Prevention: Regular self-exams and prompt evaluation of any scrotal lumps or pain.