Urethroplasty is a surgical procedure to repair or reconstruct the urethra, typically performed to treat urethral strictures. It is considered the gold standard for long-term treatment of urethral narrowing, restoring normal urine flow and preventing complications.

• Indications: Urethral strictures caused by trauma, infection, or previous surgeries; recurrent urinary tract infections; difficulty urinating.
• Techniques: End-to-end anastomosis, substitution urethroplasty using grafts (buccal mucosa) or flaps, depending on stricture length and location.
• Preoperative Preparation: Urine tests, imaging (retrograde urethrogram), and overall health evaluation.
• Recovery: Temporary catheter placement post-surgery, follow-up imaging, and gradual resumption of normal activity. Most patients regain normal urinary function.
• Risks: Infection, stricture recurrence, bleeding, or temporary urinary discomfort.